Explain the difference between positive (bonding) and negative (antibonding) overlapping of orbitals.
(N/A) $1$. Positive (bonding) overlapping: In this type of overlapping,the overlapping lobes of the atomic orbitals have the same sign (phase). This leads to an increase in electron density between the two nuclei,resulting in the formation of a bonding molecular orbital (e.g.,$s+s$ or $p_z+p_z$ with same phase).
$2$. Negative (antibonding) overlapping: In this type of overlapping,the overlapping lobes of the atomic orbitals have opposite signs (phases). This leads to a decrease in electron density between the two nuclei,resulting in the formation of an antibonding molecular orbital (e.g.,$s-s$ or $p_z-p_z$ with opposite phase).
$2$. Negative (antibonding) overlapping: In this type of overlapping,the overlapping lobes of the atomic orbitals have opposite signs (phases). This leads to a decrease in electron density between the two nuclei,resulting in the formation of an antibonding molecular orbital (e.g.,$s-s$ or $p_z-p_z$ with opposite phase).
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